Ubwoko bwa diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 1

Ubwoko bwa diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 1ni indwara iterwa na autoimmune yangiza insuline itanga insuline b-selile zo mu birwa bya pancreatic, ubusanzwe biganisha kuri insuline ikabije ya insuline.Diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 1 ihwanye na 5-10% by'indwara zose za diyabete.Nubwo ubwiyongere bukabije mu bugimbi n'ubwangavu hakiri kare, diyabete nshya yo mu bwoko bwa 1 iboneka mu byiciro byose kandi abantu barwaye diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa mbere babaho imyaka ibarirwa muri za mirongo nyuma yo gutangira indwara, ku buryo muri rusange indwara ya diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 1 ari hejuru mubantu bakuru kuruta mubana, byerekana ko twibanze kuri diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 1 mubantu bakuru (1).Kwiyongera ku isi yose ya diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 5 ni 5.9 ku bantu 10,000, mu gihe iyi ndwara yazamutse vuba mu myaka 50 ishize, ubu bikaba bivugwa ko ari 15 ku bantu 100.000 ku mwaka (2).
Mbere yo kuvumbura insuline mu binyejana byashize, diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 1 yajyanye no kubaho igihe gito nk'amezi make.Guhera mu 1922, ibice bivamo insuline zidasanzwe, bikomoka kuri pancrease yinyamaswa, byakoreshejwe mu kuvura abantu barwaye diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 1.Mu myaka mirongo yakurikiyeho, insuline yibanze cyane, ibisubizo bya insuline byabaye byiza, bituma ubudahangarwa bw'umubiri bugabanuka, kandi inyongeramusaruro nka zinc na protamine, zashyizwe mubisubizo bya insuline kugirango byongere igihe cyibikorwa.Mu myaka ya za 1980, insuline ya semisynthetic na recombinant yakozwe na insuline, kandi hagati ya za 90 rwagati, insuline zagereranijwe.Ibigereranyo bya insuline byibanze byakozwe mugihe kirekire cyibikorwa kandi bigabanya guhinduka kwa farumasi ugereranije na insuline ya protaminebase (NPH) yumuntu, mugihe igereranya ryihuse ryatangijwe no gutangira vuba no kugufi kuruta insuline yumuntu ikora ("isanzwe"), bigatuma igabanuka. hakiri karehyperglycemiana nyuma yahohypoglycemiaamasaha menshi nyuma yo kurya (3).

Ivumburwa rya insuline ryahinduye ubuzima bwabantu benshi, ariko bidatinze byaje kugaragara ko diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 1 ifitanye isano niterambere ryibibazo byigihe kirekire no kuramba.Mu myaka 100 ishize, iterambere muri insuline, itangwa ryayo, hamwe n’ikoranabuhanga ryo gupima ibimenyetso bya glycemic byahinduye ku buryo bugaragara imiyoborere ya diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 1.Nubwo hari iterambere, abantu benshi barwaye diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 1 ntibagera ku ntego za glycemic zikenewe mu gukumira cyangwa gutinda gutera imbere kwa diyabete, bikomeje kugira umutwaro munini w’amavuriro n’amarangamutima.
Kumenya imbogamizi zikomeje kurwara diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 1 hamwe niterambere ryihuse ryubuvuzi nubuhanga bushya ,.Ishyirahamwe ry’ibihugu by’i Burayi ryiga Diyabete (EASD)naIshyirahamwe ry’Abanyamerika Diyabete (ADA)yahamagaye itsinda ryandika kugirango bategure raporo yumvikanyweho ku micungire ya diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 1 ku bantu bakuru, bafite imyaka 18 nayirenga.Itsinda ryandika ryari rizi ubuyobozi bwigihugu ndetse n’amahanga ku bijyanye na diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 1 kandi ntibashatse kubigana, ahubwo bagamije kwerekana ibice byingenzi by’ubuvuzi inzobere mu buzima zigomba gutekereza igihe ziyobora abantu bakuru barwaye diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 1.Raporo y’ubwumvikane yibanze cyane cyane ku ngamba zo gucunga glycemique n’ibizaza ndetse n’ibihe byihutirwa.Iterambere rya vuba mu gusuzuma diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 1 ryasuzumwe.Bitandukanye nibindi bihe byinshi bidakira, diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 1 ishyira umutwaro wihariye wubuyobozi kumuntu ufite uburwayi.Usibye uburyo bwo gufata imiti igoye, hakenewe ubundi buryo bwo guhindura imyitwarire;ibi byose bisaba ubumenyi nubuhanga butandukanye bwo kuyobora hyper- na hypoglycemia.Akamaro kadiyabete yigisha kwiyobora no gushyigikira (DSMES)no kwita kuri psychosocial byanditse neza muri raporo.Nubwo twemera akamaro gakomeye nigiciro cyo gusuzuma, gusuzuma, no gucunga indwara zidakira ziterwa na diyabete, ibisobanuro birambuye ku micungire y’ibi bibazo birenze iyi raporo.
Reba
1. Miller RG, Secrest AM, Sharma RK, Umuhanzi TJ, Orchard TJ.Gutezimbere mu mibereho ya diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 1: Pittsburgh Epidemiology ya Diyabete Ingorabahizi yiga cohort.Diyabete
2012; 61: 2987-22992
2. Mobasseri M, Shirmohammadi M, Amiri T, Vahed N, Hosseini Fard H, Ghojazadeh M. Ikwirakwizwa rya diyabete yo mu bwoko bwa 1 ku isi: isuzuma rifatika hamwe nisesengura rya meta.UbuzimaPromotPerspect2020; 10: 98–115
3. Hirsch IB, Juneja R, Beals JM, Antalis CJ, Wright EE.Ubwihindurize bwa insuline nuburyo itanga uburyo bwo kuvura no kuvura.Endocr Ibyah2020; 41: 733–755